A research paper by the Urban Land Institute (ULI), ‘The Density Dividend: solutions for growing and shrinking cities’, explains how six major European cities can solve strategic challenges by managing population density. Istanbul is seen a strongly growing city: its major challenge is to moderate the challenges – inflation, congestion, infrastructure stress and instability – that come from a rapidly expanding population. Its current density profile is described as being high across the entire built up area: however congestion is rife as a result of poor planning.

Source : October 2015/ULI/Istanbul/RES